Who is Customs Broker in Russia

1. A customs broker (agent) is defined as a Russian juridical person included in the Register of Customs Brokers (Proxies). A state entity may not be certified as a customs broker (agent).

2. A customs broker (agent) acts as an agent for a declarant or of another interested person performing a customs operation pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth by Russian Customs Code.

3. A customs broker (agent) has the right to confine the sphere of its activities to customs operations with specific kinds of merchandise as pursuant to the Nomenclature of Goods subject to Foreign Trade, or to customs operations with the goods and commodities conveyed across the customs border by specific means of transport, or to individual customs operations, or to the customs operations limited by the framework of a region covered by one (several) customs office (customs offices).

4. The relationships between a customs broker (agent), the declarants and other interested persons are established on a contractual basis. A customs broker (agent) is not permitted to refuse to conclude a contract for a service or an operation if it has requisite facilities for providing such service or for carrying out such operation.

Terms of Entry onto the Register of Customs Brokers

The terms of entry onto the Register of Customs brokers are as follows:

1. Availability in the applicable staff of a minimum of two certified specialists in customs clearance in possession of the relevant qualification licenses;

2. Availability of complete original authorized (equity) capital, authorized investment fund or of the applicant's share therein;

3. Guarantee of dutiable payments;

4. Availability of the applicant's civil liability insurance policy, which may occur as a result of damage, caused to the property relating to represented persons or due to a breach by the customs broker of its agreements with such persons. The minimal insurance premium thereto should amount to 20 million roubles.

The Rights of a Customs Broker (agent)

1. In carrying out customs operations a customs broker (agent) shall have the same rights as the juridical person that has empowered the customs broker (agent) to represent its interests in its relations with the customs authorities.

2. A customs broker (agent) has the right to a warrant of the customs authority, on behalf of the person it representations, fulfillment of the obligations assumed by said person with regard to guaranteed payment of customs duties and taxes if provisions of Russian Customs Code require a guarantee for such payments.

3. A customs broker (agent) has the right to demand that the person he represents furnishing the documents and the information that may be required for fulfilling customs clearance procedures including the documents containing sensitive information constituting commercial, banking and other securities protected by law or any other requisite confidential information and to obtain such documents and such information within the prescribed time limits ensuring observance of the provisions of Russian Customs Code.

4. At the instance of signing a contract with the person to be represented the customs broker (agent) has the right:

- to offer various discounts with regard to remuneration of its services and provide privileges for specific categories of persons it represents;

- to demand, as a precondition for concluding a contract with said person, that the latter abide by its commitments in accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.

Obligations and Responsibilities of a Customs Broker (agent)

1. In the process of customs registration / clearance procedures, obligations of a customs broker (agent) are predicated on the terms and conditions set forth by Russian Customs Code with regard to the customs operations, which may be required for subjecting goods to one or another customs control procedure. The fact of fulfillment of such operations by a customs broker (agent) does not oblige the latter to carry out any other operations, such as completion of a customs procedure.

2. A customs broker (agent) shall pay requisite customs duties and taxes for the declared goods if the terms of the goods customs procedure requires such payment. At the instance of declaring goods, the customs broker (agent) in accordance with Russian Customs Code bears the same responsibility for the disbursement of customs duties and taxes as the declarant.

3. Any information obtained by a customs broker (agent) from the persons he represents constituating commercial, banking and other securities protected by law or any other requisite confidential information may not be made public, or used by the customs broker (agent) and / or its employees for their personal goals, or disclosed to other persons except for the cases stipulated by federal law.

4. A customs broker (agent) shall be obliged to keep a record of the goods subjected to customs operations and submit reports thereof to customs authorities.

5. The customs broker's (agent) obligations and accountability before the customs authorities shall prevail over his contract with the person he represents.

Construction For Climate Control

We need to construct for climate control because comfort requires more than just providing warmth in winter and coolness in summer. True comfort means a correct temperature, correct humidity, or amount of moisture in the air, and clean, fresh, odorless air. The achievement of this ideal comfort, or air conditioning, is achieved through the use of a heating system, a cooling system, air filters, and humidifiers. Climate control construction plans show systems of maintaining specific degrees of temperature, amounts of moisture, and the exchange of odorless air.

Many different systems can be used to heat and cool a building. The effective use of insulation, ventilation, roof overhang, caulking, weather stripping, and solar orientation helps to increase the efficiency of any climate control system.

Heating and cooling systems

Heating
1. Radiation - In radiation, heat flows to a cooler surface through space in the same way light travels. The air is not warm but the cooler object it strikes becomes warm. The object, in turn, warms the air that surrounds it.
2. Convection - In convection, a warm surface heats the air about it. The warm air rises and cool air moves into take its place, causing a convection current.
3. Conduction - In conduct, heat moves through a solid material. The density the material, the better it will conduct heat. Example is, iron conducts heat better than wood.

Insulation is a material used to stop the transfer of heat. It helps keep heat inside in the winter and outside in the summer. In an imperfectly constructed house, cracks around doors, windows and fireplaces can combine to make the equivalent of a hole of sufficient size to lose all internal heat in less than an hour. Weather stripping and caulking can prevent this heat loss.

Heating devices:
1. warm-air units
2. hot-water units
3. Steam units
4. electric heat

Cooling
A building is air-conditioned by removing heat. Heat can be transferred in one direction only. A central air-conditioning system absorbs heat from the house and transfers it to a liquid refrigerant, usually freon. Warm air is transported away from rooms through ducts to the air-conditioning unit where a filter removes dust and other impurities

Cooling units - The cooling unit can be part of the heating unit using the same blower, vent, and perimeter ducts. In this kind of system, the cool air rises against the warm walls in the summer and cools the house. The average small house can be conveniently cooled with central air-conditioning units.

Tips For Good Money Management

Learning how to effectively manage your money enables people to live comfortably within their means. Money management tips also allow people to increase their wealth, and the following money management tips can allow you to stay steadily in control of your finances!

First of all, you should set yourself a money management goal. A good money management tip like this is a means to an end. You must make your goal practically, however, and ensure that the end something that is in clear sight. Whilst your money management goal could be the prospect of having a comfortable retirement - you should begin with smaller objectives, like paying off a debt within a certain amount of months, or saving a particular amount of money within a chosen period of time. The satisfaction that comes with achieving a money management goal, motivates you to do more and more, possibly allowing yourself to have a comfortable retirement - and that's what makes this money management tip such a good one.

Secondly, it can be wise for you to know precisely what you have. You need to live within your means, and you must also understand exactly what your means are! Out of all the money management tips, this tip allows you to steadily monitor your cash flow, and allow you to see exactly how rich you actually are.

You should look specifically at any disposable income you have, in your pocket or wallet, or in any bank accounts. You must not include any sources of finance like overdrafts or loans, as extremely, that money is always owed to a creditor! Sometimes you have old bank accounts you have not used, or stashes of money left for a rainy day. Find these sums of money and include them in your calculations of how much money you really do have available to spend.

The third tip in a long line of money management tips would be to track any arm of income that you have. If there is at least one month's worth of old cheque stubs - you should add them up and divide them to see what your average incomes accounts to.

Even better, you could add them for a quarter of the year and divide this amount by the number of weeks in a quarter (13) - giving you a completely accurate view of your perception power. Perhaps you have not saved cheque stubs - so try it for four weeks. And do not just multiply your weekly wage by four, as you could well be forgetting sick days, or any other days you have not been able to make it to work, and even omitting extra income from any holidays.

Another in the long line of money management tips would be to track your overall spending. As soon as you know what money you have and what income you should expect you should be looking at where exactly your money goes. You could take one month as an example, and watch what you spend down to the very last penny. After a few weeks of doing this, you could well find yourself reconsidering some purchases, and wondering whether or not you actually need to waste your money on such things!

Lawn Mower Battery

Most lawn mower battery packs that come with the mower are usually adequate enough to get the job done without any problems. However after a while as with all batteries there will be a decline in performance and it would be a good investment to buy another lawn mower battery.

Ideally accessories should not cost more than $ 50 as it will become rather expensive when you decide to upgrade your machine in several ways. When it comes to power units in particular the things you should look out for are voltage, compatibility, expected lifetime and power output. Starter batteries tend to produce a smaller power output as time goes on and when you notice this in a significant way you should look to replace it.

For those of you that do not have all the time in the world to research these lawn mower accessories I have given you two batteries below that are compatible with a lot of models and are very high performance.

2 affordable lawn mower batteries

1. One of the best mower power options comes from Exide Technologies with their "12V Powersport 12N12a4a1battery". This product is also ideal for those of you that own a motorcycle, but you must take caution as the lifetime is greatly reduce if it is overused on multiple devices during a short period of time. Some product notes are written below:

• Compatible with most mowers and motorcycles.
• Has a 12 volt output
• 6 months free replacement warranty
• Battery size is 5-3 / 8L x 3-3 / 16W x 6-3 / 8H
• Costs around $ 60

2. The next battery is for people that own a Black & Decker CM1936 or SPCM1936 lawn mower. This 36 volt power unit has been very well received with the owners of these machines as it has proven to work very reliably at high performance levels. All units come with their own charger which is great with you want to charge both units at the same time. Anyone with a large property and lots of grass do not need to worry about the energy running out too soon as the running time is more than enough. Some of its main features is listed below:

• Extended running time over the initial battery
• This Black & Decker battery hold charge very well once it has been charged which means that you can have it on stand by when the primary power source fails.
• With a 2 year warranty you have peace of mind that this product will perform for years to come.
• Over night charging is completely safe and a good method

Where to find these batteries?

Online some of the best places to check out sales for these types of accessory products is eBay, sears and Amazon. All three online retailers have proven to be selling many a wide range of items in the garden maintenance industry for many years now.

18th Birthday Present Ideas - Best Gift Idea For Him Or Her

If you are looking for a gift idea for an 18th birthday present, you are certainly faced with a challenging task. Like all great gift ideas, you need to understand who you are buying for and what is happening in their lives. Only in this way can you find the perfect 18th birthday present idea.

Coming of Age
The 18th birthday for most teenagers is one of the largest millions in their lives up to that point. High school is finished along with all the accompanying stress of homework and in many cases, peer group pressure. Life is changing and adulthood is upon them. Some of their old high school friends may fade away or even move away to college. The prospect of deciding their future seems to be an unfathomable event. Confusion, elation, and uncertainty form a cocktail of emotions.

Yet in the midst of this excitement comes the opportunity for celebration. And of course, one of the ways we celebrate occasions such as this is by giving a gift.

The Teenage Mind
Having a teenage daughter myself, I can tell you with great confidence that you are facing a monumental task. Teenagers tastes seem to change by the week. One day, a certain clothing brand is popular and the next day they would not be worn dead wearing a t-shirt with the company name on it. Music and electronics trends also change at lightning fast speed.

I have chosen to avoid buying my daughter electronics because I feel that if I did, she would spend even more time plugged in than she is already. Since my attempts, her part time jobs always allow her to buy her own electronics and I can tell you, the iPods and portable devices change faster than I can keep track of.

My point is that if you are trying to decide on the perfect gift for an 18 year old, you're going to have a very difficult time finding something that they are going to love. And do not you want that for them? Buy something for them that they are going to love.

Gift Cards - The Best Solution
My daughter absolutely loves gift cards because she loves to shop. Shopping is a form of creative expression for teenagers because it allows them to express their choice without any influence from the parents. In a survey by the National Retail Federation, 98% of teens surveyed had either received or given a gift card in that year.

Because my daughter does not have a credit card (thank God), she has not been able to shop online yet. Teenagers are just dying to experience more online shopping because they have not been old enough. A gift card allows them to do that. It's also difficult for a teen to go shopping by themselves if they do not have a car. So make sure you buy a gift card that allows them to shop online.

Find a Gift Card With Many Product Categories
It's of no use to give a book store gift certificate to an 18 year old when all they really want is a new hoodie. Or what if you bought them a gift card to a clothing store, but it turns out that they've just decided that the store brand is out of style? The best solution is to buy a card from an online merchant that offers multiple product categories such as clothing, music, DVD movies and electronics. Let them decide and they will love you for it!

The Perfect Gift Card
When it comes to gift cards, I always buy my daughter the Amazon gift card. It's really an amazing no fee, no expiration date, card that offers all the product categories that a teenager could want with literally millions of products to choose from. Amazon is a marketplace, so you will find all the name brand products being sold by a multitude of local and global merchants, all under the trusted umbrella of Amazon.